自动装配原理介绍
启动类注解
众所周知，这是springboot的启动类的注解
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@SpringBootApplication
public class DemoApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(DemoApplication.class, args);
}
}
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@SpringBootApplication
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@Target(ElementType.TYPE)
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Documented
@Inherited
@SpringBootConfiguration
@EnableAutoConfiguration
@ComponentScan(excludeFilters = { @Filter(type = FilterType.CUSTOM, classes = TypeExcludeFilter.class),
@Filter(type = FilterType.CUSTOM, classes = AutoConfigurationExcludeFilter.class) })
public @interface SpringBootApplication {
}
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大概可以把 @SpringBootApplication看作是 @Configuration、@EnableAutoConfiguration、@ComponentScan 注解的集合。根据 SpringBoot 官网，这三个注解的作用分别是：
@EnableAutoConfiguration：启用 SpringBoot 的自动配置机制
@Configuration：允许在上下文中注册额外的 bean 或导入其他配置类
@ComponentScan： 扫描被@Component (@Service,@Controller)注解的 bean，注解默认会扫描启动类所在的包下所有的类 ，可以自定义不扫描某些 bean。如下图所示，容器中将排除TypeExcludeFilter和AutoConfigurationExcludeFilter。
@EnableAutoConfiguration` 是实现自动装配的重要注解，我们以这个注解入手。
@EnableAutoConfiguration
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@Target({ElementType.TYPE})
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Documented
@Inherited
@AutoConfigurationPackage
@Import({AutoConfigurationImportSelector.class})
public @interface EnableAutoConfiguration {
String ENABLED_OVERRIDE_PROPERTY = "spring.boot.enableautoconfiguration";
Class<?>[] exclude() default {};
String[] excludeName() default {};
}
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这个注解最重要的就是 AutoConfigurationImportSelector这个类了
AutoConfigurationImportSelector
AutoConfigurationImportSelector中重要的方法就是这个，主要负责加载自动配置类的。
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protected AutoConfigurationEntry getAutoConfigurationEntry(AnnotationMetadata annotationMetadata) {
if (!isEnabled(annotationMetadata)) {
return EMPTY_ENTRY;
}
AnnotationAttributes attributes = getAttributes(annotationMetadata);
List<String> configurations = getCandidateConfigurations(annotationMetadata, attributes);
configurations = removeDuplicates(configurations);
Set<String> exclusions = getExclusions(annotationMetadata, attributes);
checkExcludedClasses(configurations, exclusions);
configurations.removeAll(exclusions);
configurations = getConfigurationClassFilter().filter(configurations);
fireAutoConfigurationImportEvents(configurations, exclusions);
return new AutoConfigurationEntry(configurations, exclusions);
}
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getAttributes
这个方法返回了@EnableAutoConfiguration中的两个属性
getCandidateConfigurations
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protected List<String> getCandidateConfigurations(AnnotationMetadata metadata, AnnotationAttributes attributes) {
List<String> configurations = SpringFactoriesLoader.loadFactoryNames(getSpringFactoriesLoaderFactoryClass(),
getBeanClassLoader());
Assert.notEmpty(configurations, "No auto configuration classes found in META-INF/spring.factories. If you "
+ "are using a custom packaging, make sure that file is correct.");
return configurations;
}
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filter
这个方法主要是扫描到所有的
去除一些
